Rehabilitation Training for Handicapped People

The issue involved in this research revolves around the relationship between the severely physically handicapped person, the severely or profoundly retarded person, and the vocational education facilities which are available for their occupational training. The differences in public and governmental attitudes toward handicapped workers between the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 and the Vocational Education Act Amendments of 1968 are also noted.

As automated technology negates an increasingly large number of unskilled and semi-skilled jobs, the physically and mentally handicapped worker faces a tighter labor market requiring increased educational depth, vocational skills, and work experience. To become or remain employable and economically independent, the handicapped of the nation must either develop themselves or be developed in training programs to meet the elevated job requirements of the competitive labor market.

Emphasis in past training programs for the handicapped has been restricted to skill development or improvement. Future programs should incorporate the development of less tangible types of behavior such as initiative, leadership, desire to progress, self-confidence, and acceptance of responsibility. The degree of skill attained and the maintenance of high levels of skill over a long period of time are closely bound up with incentives, interests, and satisfactions from growth and improvements. In considering the concept

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an expectancy spiral if there is a significant upgrading of the kinds of jobs performed by the severely retarded which results in a different reality on which to base self-esteem. Since the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 (4:6) when the Federal Board for Vocational Education was admonished to establish vocational schools and classes to give instruction in agriculture, trades, industries, commerce and commercial pursuits, and home economics, there have been demands for more inclusion of the handicapped into these programs. After a report (4:10) protested that the deplorable failure on the part of the government to care for the disabled is due in large part to an imperfect organization of governmental effort, the Civilian Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1920 defined a disabled person as (4:13) "a person who by reason of a physical defect or infirmity, whether congenital or acquired by accident, injury or disease, is or may be expected to be, totally or partially incapacitated for remunerative occupation." In 1976, it was found that one-fifth of all handicapped persons live on incomes below poverty level with the average income of families of disabled workers dropping fifty-four percent after onset of the disabling condition (7:12

Category: Psychology - R