In his ninth chapter, Macionis' discussion of some aspects of socially constructed notions of gender seem to be expressions of points of view rather than analyses of what is actually said by the theorists. The account of social-conflict analysis of gender is an example of this. Macionis recounts Engels' view of the evolution of gender inequality in which "social equality and communal sharing" in hunter-gatherer societies "gave way to private property and, ultimately, a class hierarchy" at which point men "gained pronounced power over women"--as in ensuring the legitimacy of their offspring by controlling women's sexuality (237). Engels argued that this domination was reinforced by capitalism since men were the primary owners of both the means of production and their own labor, while women were cultivated as consumers and more c
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