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Data Collection

The major types of problem assumptions involved in the design of survey instruments are (a) unwarranted assumptions, (b) misleading assumptions, and (c) unsupported assumptions. A warranted assumption is one that is either (a) known to be true or (b) reasonable to accept without requiring another argument to support it. An assumption is unwarranted if it fails to satisfy either of these criteria. Misleading assumptions are those assumptions that imply something that is unstated. One example of a misleading assumption in a survey instrument is a question that provides only two possible responses. The implication is that only those two responses differentiate outcomes related to the survey instrument statement. In many instances, however, there may be other valid options to differentiate outcomes. Providing only two options in such cases is misleading. An unsupported assumption is one in which survey instrument questions and/or responses assume that specific conditions exists when there are no validated underlying facts to support such assumptions. Even the selection of respondents for a survey sample may be biased by an unsupported assumption that certain groups of people possess the necessary knowledge or experience to answer a question when there is no evidence to support such an assumption.

The term ôresponse errorö refers to a situation wherein the reported data differ from the actual data. The sources of response error are data collection and post-collection data preparation. During the data collection process, response error may be participant-initiated or interviewer-initiated. Actions by interviewers that may lead to inaccurate answers by respondents include the following:

Failure to obtain full cooperation from all respondents

Failure to follow established interview procedures consistently for all respondents

Failure to create an appropriate environment for the conduct of interviews

Deliberate falsi...

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Data Collection. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 20:44, March 28, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1713314.html