The field of criminal justice, involving as it does a number of discrete organizations, actors and institutions, is a field in which effective communication is vital. Linking these actors - including the police, the courts, corrections systems and program providers, the prosecuting attorneys, and the legal community as a whole - into a coordinated, cohesive unit is difficult and challenging at best. As noted by Lilly, Cullen, and Ball (2007), it is likely that these groups have specific agendas and goals that are often inherently in conflict; consequently, developing effective communication strategies, channels and behaviors is crucial.
The communication process model is one in which Barker and Barker (1993) suggest there are many different styles, approaches, and activities. It consists of written and oral communication, formal and informal communication, and verbal and non-verbal communication. Each type of communication conveys information as well as attitude.
The four major communication styles are various described as the Action/Process/People/Idea styles or the Relater/Thinker/ Director/Socializer styles (Barker & Barker, 1993). The Action or Director style involves communication oriented toward ordering or informing others, achieving tasks and goals, and embracing conflict when needed. The Thinker/Idea style values logic, systems thought process, and employs a methodological approach to problem-solving. The Relater/People style is empathetic, focused on developing relationships with others and on collaborative effort. The Socializer/Process style approaches communication as an opportunity to interact effectively with others in a milieu in which motivation is stressed. In the context of criminal justice system communication, each of these styles can be beneficial in establishing channels of communication and in identifying synergies between different organizations or actors.
Regardless of the style chosen,...