stfights, and stabbing or shooting others (Madensen & Eck, 2008).
Rowdy Fans, Hooligans, Psychopaths
While many of the people that attend sporting events are normal in terms of their psychological health and behavior, there are fans that engage in rowdy behavior, gangs comprised of rowdy individuals such as hooligans, or fans that truly are psychopaths. Rowdy fans are those that are too loud, too boisterous, inebriated, angry, and out of control. Hooligans are aggressive gangs that, like street gangs, adopt a style of apparel that identifies them and has chants and symbols that serve as a sort of gang branding (Piotrowski, 2006, p. 632). Hooligans verge from rowdiness into patently criminal behavior. Piotrowski (2006) notes that in 1990s Poland when a sociopolitical transformation was taking place, people's feelings of public safety were lower and crime rose dramatically, with thefts rising 50%, burglaries
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