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Behavioral & Wholistic Approaches to Education

werless objects controlled by environmental forces nor free agents who can become whatever they choose. Both people and their environments are reciprocal determinants of each other. (p.vii)

The Behavioral approach has repeatedly been used in the educational setting. One area of education which places a heavy reliance on behavioral/cognitive-behavioral techniques and strategies has been that of special education (Cohen, 1987). In this regard, Horn and Warren (1987) studied the effectiveness of a behavioral program in teaching motor skills to a small sample of children with severe and multiple disabilities.

The authors found that the program increased both the frequency and the duration of the target motor skills. In addition, the newly acquired skills were found to generalize to other settings. Moreover, in a review of several studies using behavioral methods to teach learning disabled children, Lerner (1981) has reported that research conducted on the use of operant conditioning and behavior modification techniques has consistently shown that it improves student learning and achievement.

The use of the Behavioral/Cognitive-Behavioral approach in education and education-related areas has not been restricted to special education. For example, Ford (1984) has reported that Reality Therapy (a cognitive-behavioral approach focusing on cause and effect dynamics in relationships) was found to improve both the discipline skills and the classroom management strategies of teachers.

In another education/education-related use for the behavioral approach, Forman (1982) evaluated the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral approach for teaching classroom teachers how to manage their stress. Subjects in the study were 128 urban secondary school teachers. Following training, teachers reported that they experienced less stress and less feelings of anxiety. In addition, Forman (1982) reported that:

Results also indicated decreas...

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Behavioral & Wholistic Approaches to Education. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 10:02, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1683716.html