s operate as an umbrella function that affects all realms of cognitive processing. In other words, the frontal lobes coordinate, organize, and, process input from other parts of the brain. When executive functions are impaired, all other cognitive systems have the potential to be affected, even though they may remain individually intact. Bradshaw(2001) notes that as a result of this central coordination, organization, and processing functions, when an individual experiences a deficit in executive functioning, it can affect a variety of abilities and capabilities. These include:
1. Selection and Execution of Cognitive Plans including knowledge of appropriate steps to take when working toward a goal, sequencing, initiation, higher-level organizational skills and the ability to revise a plan or to establish alternatives.
2. Time Management Skills which would include the ability to estimate time, to create a time-based schedule, to revise a time-based schedule, or to performed scheduled activities on time.
3. Self regulation functions which would include problems related to awareness, impulse control, environmental dependency and related abilities.
There are some very common behaviors that are associated with all forms of executive function deficits. Lezak (1995) provides a list of some of the most typical symptoms associated with executive function disorders
1. Difficulties and/or lack of interest in setting goals
2. A tendency to be motivated solely by immediate needs
3. Past consequences for negative behavior fail to alter future actions
4. Inability to reflect on past experience in order to plan for the future
6. Vacillation from impulsivity to rigidity and rapid mood fluctuations
7. Tendency to use the same strategy to solve problems, even if it has been proven ineffective
8. Does not learn to stop and select a strategy that best fits a problem before trying to solve it
9. Very poorl...