997 by the Balanced Budget Act. Privately funded hospice programs subsidized by insurance companies exist as well; however, not all underwriters have hospice care on offer.
By the mid-1980s, the momentum of hospice development was such that hospices were becoming increasingly institutionalized "gradually [] incorporated into the dominant health care system and [] los[ing] their uniqueness" (Abel, 1986). Developed in 1986, Abel's analysis is that increased bureaucratization of hospice care has the effect of imposing institutional features on a health-care model specifically conceived as having a noninstitutional character. However, the literature dating at 2000 shows that hospice analysts and advocates view hospice care as something separate and apart from institutional (or indeed institutionally sponsored) health care per se. As Asch-Goodkin remarks in that regard: "Managing the end of life is not something that the American health care establishment--or society as a whole--does well" (2002, p. 32).
A body of emerging research has sought to analyze th
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