The Yemenite Jews
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The Yemenite Jews comprise a community who were either born in Yemen (the south-western corner of the Arabian peninsula), or who are the progeny of emigrants from Yemen. Some highlights of Yemenite Jewish history will demonstrate that the Jews adjusted to life with their Muslim oppressors, even retaining their autonomy. In addition, ethnography, or community study, will convey some of the history, social life, activities, values, and ideals of a remarkable group whose contributions and particularities have made them highly visible. We will consider the role of ethnicity, behavior and sentiment based upon membership in ethnic categories and groups, and its importance to Yemenite integration in Israel. Diaspora should be a subject of history only, as all Jewish groups become integrated and united on the basis of equality, a true "mizug galuyot," or "fusion of the exiles," as Israel's leaders have called it. We will conclude with an examination of the way in which the Yemenites will need to adapt to a more modern existence, while still retaining a rich African and Asian heritage which sets them apart from their more European and American Jewish counterparts. Of all the Jewish communities dispersed throughout the world in 1948, those of Yemen and Habban were certainly among the most remote. They were isolated from all other Jewish communities, those of the Mediterranean, Iraq, and Iran as well as Europe. The Jews of Yemen lived in a country which, like Tibet and Ethiopi
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r in Arab countries), Yemen's Jews had created and maintained remarkably rich and diversified cultural traditions.
Some exodus statistics will show that the Yemenites have been better off in Israel even though adjustment has been difficult. History has shown that a move to the Holy Land in the mass exodus was the Jews' best option, because restrictions on outside communication have since tightened. Those few hundred Jews who currently remain in Yemen do so under great duress. A 1987 Minority Rights Group Report on the Jews of Africa and Asia reported that the government actively discourages contact between local Jews and Jewish communities elsewhere. The poverty and short life span of the Yemenite Jews who came from Yemen to the Holy Land is apparent from the following: "Among the immigrants who came from Yemen and Aden to Israel in 1948-52, two-thirds were under thirty years of age, and only 11 percent over fifty." Patai estimates that no more than two to three hundred Jews were left in the entire Arabian peninsula by 1967. Elazar offers these statistics: "Between 1919 and 1948, nearly one-third of the Jewish population of Yemen, approximately sixteen thousand Jews, emigrated to Eretz Israel. Between June 1949 and Ju
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Approximate Word count = 2587
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)
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