The Mind-body Dualism Split

What must be appreciated about the debate over dualism in psychology and philosophy is that in each of these disciplines, most answers are either partial or always subject to further debate, not only on account of conceptually creative theory but also on account of the accumulation of an increasing body of new, scientifically verifiable knowledge and information about how body and mind function. The dualism debate arose in the ancient period, not solely between Plato and Aristotle but in part because their metaphysics answered questions about the nature of reality and existence differently.

Plato's doctrine of Ideal forms illustrates one view. The nature of reality is a persistent Platonic theme, and the preoccupation with reality of existence per se is bound up with what is real about human experience in particular. For Plato, what is most real about it, i.e., what drives it and gives it meaning, is what cannot be seen but what can be conceptualized. The Ideal Forms are real entities that "our minds may learn to recognize as permanent realities, continually imparting their unchanging form and character to the transient flux of mortality on our earth" (Loomis 1

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o's scientific-mechanical account of the cosmos and Hobbes's inference that human nature is more complex than but not qualitatively different from the rest of nature. Thus the mechanical universe would include the mechanics of biology, which includes human biology, which may include human behavior behavior). Attempts by philosophers to get at the core realities of human mental and physical experience have persisted, as unresolved as the Cartesian-Kantian encounter, into the modern period. Tension between mind and body has been associated with psychology from the time that Freud formulated his theories of human experience and behavior. An important example in this regard is the Interpretation of Dreams, where mind and body are discussed in detail. In Interpretation, Freud identified separate mind states, or states of consciousness, but also acknowledged physiological attributes connected to them. Three states of being--preconscious (Pcs), unconscious (Ucs), and conscious (Cs)--inform the physical processes associated with dreaming. In the Ucs processes of the mind, highly complex and critical to the notion of psychoanalysis of neurotic personalities, is identified in general terms as the locus of "the impetus to dream formation"
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Approximate Pages = 18 (250 words per page)

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