Vincent Van Gogh
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The general facts of Vincent Van Gogh's life are nearly as well known as his paintings, which are some of the most popular images in the history of art. His paintings are sold for record-breaking prices today, but he was almost unknown in his own lifetime. Van Gogh's life, maybe more than the lives of most painters, plays an important part in understanding his art. A biographical sketch of Van Gogh and an analysis of one work, his famous The Starry Night (1889), demonstrate how, for this artist, personality and circumstances affected the creation of his art. Vincent Van Gogh was born in Holland in 1853. His father was a clergyman, a family tradition that Vincent was to consider as a career. But two of Van Gogh's uncles had a gallery in The Hague which they sold to an international art dealer, Goupil, who had galleries in several countries. Van Gogh had shown some interest in art as a child and when he was 16 he took his first job working for Goupil. He worked in The Hague and then in London. But he was very unsuccessful at this job since he could never keep from offending the wealthy customers and was fired in 1876.1 In 1877 he worked in a book store. In 1878-79 Van Gogh made a decision to join his family tradition and began training for the ministry at the University of Amsterdam. He failed at this too. Throughout his life, Van Gogh was "imbued with a strong sense of mission" in whatever field he pursued.2 When he failed at the theological seminary Van Gogh s
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Pere Tanguy he also saw works by Pissarro, Cezanne, Renoir and others that interested him very much. Although he used the Impressionist style for a while, he knew it was not the way for him to express himself. "They loved the appearance of things . . . he loved passionately the things themselves."9 The emotionally troubled Van Gogh sought more from his art than creative satisfaction, his work was "his defense against disintegration."10
Van Gogh began to study in the studio of a painter named Cormon. Theo Van Gogh's influence probably got Vincent into the popular class where he stood out among the young students. But he was very persistent in this frustrating situation and his drawing improved.11 Henri de Toulouse Lautrec was one of the students and Van Gogh tried to enter into the exciting life of Lautrec's studio and his friends, but Van Gogh was always shy and ill at ease and far too serious. Van Gogh's luck changed for the better when he met Camille Pissarro, the Impressionist painter. Pissarro convinced Van Gogh to give up his dark earth colors and use the bright palette of the Impressionists.12
The change in color went along with a change in Van Gogh's whole approach. From the example of the other painters his ex
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Approximate Word count = 2159
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)
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