SHORT-TERM MEMORY RECALL

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The short-term memory experiment to be described in this paper is an attempt to verify the Bieder-Szafran experiment, which is a variation of the Buschke experiment of 1962. Previous to the time of Buschke's experiment, short-term memory studies had been conducted according to the classical method of simply presenting a given amount of information to a subject, who was then asked to recall or recognize, either in oral or written manner, as much of the material presented as he could. G. A. Miller used this approach in the study in which he determined the memory span for humans to be seven, plus or minus two. Miller also stated that the accuracy and amount of recall depended not on the info

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s again explained with the use of a visual aid, the example. The experiment was then begun with the presentation of the auditory stimulus on a tape recorder and the visual stimulus on a card. On the tape recorder, each presentation was preceeded by a tap of a plastic ball-point pen on a wooden desk. This served as a warning signal for both the subject and the experimenter. Five seconds were left between the conclusion of each stimulus. The visual stimuli were printed on a card about the size of an ordinary playing card. There was one stimulus per card. Experimental Design Each subject was presented with a total of 146 stimuli, 73 auditory and 73 visual. The three main categories--single digits, single letters, and double digits--were divided into nine auditory and nine visual stimuli each. [See page 10 for explanations in the abbreviations used on that sheet.] The numbers ranged from zero to nine. The letters included in the study were through H, J through T, and V through Z. The double digits included were 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 27, 28, 33, 34, 36, 37, 43, 45, 46, 47, 51, 52, 53, 57, 58, 6,0, 61, 65, 68, 69, 76, 77, 80, 82, 83, 86, 87, 91, 93, 94, 95, 98, and 99. The symbols were randomly selected and pre
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Stimulus Pairs, Szafran Bieder, | |, Method Subjects, Bieder AA, Experimental Design, | | |, Bieder Szafran, Shepard Teghtsoonian, Assistance Inc, Averbach Sperling, Previous Buschke's, | av, | av |, av |, | vv |, | vv, aa |, | aa, | aa |, vv |, va |, | va |, | va, ______ ______________________________________________,
Approximate Word count = 2229
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)

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