e childbirth pains means that there is a good foundation for change in the pain experienced during childbirth through manipulation of psychological state using hypnotherapy.
3) Discuss the concept of clinical pain in surgery.
In instances of surgery, an individual can experience pain both during the surgery and after the surgery while the body recovers and heals. In addition, there can be pain prior to surgery due to the condition for which surgical procedures have been recommended.
The emotions of those anticipating surgery can be intense due to the fact that most people have a number of fears connected with the idea of being anesthetized and operated on. Typical fears include suffocation, not being able to awaken, death, and mutilation. Also, people worry that during the surgery the doctor might find indications of some terminal illness.
The need for relieving the anxiety and tension of patients is strong not only because of the desire not to have people in such a state but also because intensely negative attitudes can actually increase their sense of pain.
Standard medical treatment for both operative and postoperative pain is pharmacotherapy. In other words, drugs are used to anesthetize the patient during the surgery and to reduce postoperative pain associated with recovery and healing. However, their is wide variance in the individual response to medicines and drugs. Therefore, a medicine or drug that might operate as an effective pain reliever for one person will not necessarily be effective for another.
4) Discuss the concept of clinical pain in dentistry.
In dentistry, pain is believed to be the result not only of the medical processes that comprise application of the science (e.g. drilling, scraping, extracting, filling cavities, etc.), but also to be the result of fear, tension, apprehensiveness, and hostility toward the process. In some extreme cases, the fear may be so intense that the patient h...