ugh her or his creativity and style in designing and providing nursing that is effective and satisfying.
By 1980, Orem's self care model of nursing had evolved into a conceptual framework and three theories of nursing. The conceptual framework consisted of six central concepts, which were (1) self care, (2), self care agency, (3) therapeutic self care demand, (4) self care deficit, (5) nursing agency, and (6) nursing system. The three theories of nursing associated with the conceptual framework were (and are) the (1) theory of self care, (2) theory of self care deficits, and (3) theory of nursing systems. At this time, Orem said that the unifying idea underlying her conceptual framework was that people may benefit from nursing when they have health related limitations on their capacity to provide self care. She said further that four assumptions provided a basis for the development of the self care conceptual framework. These assumptions were that:
1. Human beings require continuous and deliberate inputs to both themselves and their environments to both remain alive and to function effectively.
2. The power to act deliberately is exercised in the form of self care, in identifying self care needs, and in making the necessary inputs.
3. Limitations in the ability to provide self care causes mature human beings to feel deprived.
4. Human agency is exercised through discovering, developing, and transmitting to others the ways and means of identifying self care needs, and the ways and means of making required deliberate self care inputs.
By 1985, Orem had added a fifth assumption to the basis underlying the self care conceptual framework. This fifth assumption held that groups of human beings with structured relationships cluster tasks, and allocate responsibilities for the provision of care to individual members of the group who experience self care deprivation. At this time, she also said that the ...