Feasibility of Downsizing
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The research question investigated was stated as follows: "Is IS downsizing feasible for all large organizations, and, if not, under what organizational conditions is IS downsizing feasible? The relationships between problems and outcomes associated with IS downsizing and organizational characteristics were measured and tested for statistical significance. None of the relationships was found to be statistically significant at p<.05. Thus, a conclusion was drawn that IS downsizing may be feasible for all large organizations regardless of organizational structure and management system. Such feasibility must be assessed within the context of potential problems and outcomes, as opposed to the relationships between such problems and outcomes and organizational characteristics. This study found that the potential for problems is present in all areas of organizational activity in an IS downsizing program. On the average, however, it was found that the intensity of such problems would be somewhat less than moderate. This study found that the potential for outcome changes from IS downsizing is also present in all types of organizational activity. On the average, it was found that the character of such outcomes was about half way between little or no change and improvement. Thus, it was also concluded that overall the benefits to be gained from IS downsizing will more often than not outweigh the problems encountered in such an effort.
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y" (Winnograd and Flores, 1991, p. 105). The assumptions that underlie this approach are as follows (Winnograd and Flores, 1991, pp. 105 106):
1. There is a structure of formal symbols that can be manipulated according to a precisely defines and well understood system of rules.
2. There is a mapping through which the relevant properties of the domain can be represented as symbol structures. This mapping is systematic in that a community of programmers can agree as to what a given structure represents.
3. There are operations that manipulate the symbols in such a way as to produce veridical results to derive new structures that represent the domain in such a way that the programmers would find them accurate representations. Programs can be written that combine these operations to produce desired results. In designing a program to carry out some task, the programmer "thinks in terms of the subject domain and the highest . . . level that exists for the programming system, dealing with the objects and operations it makes available" (Winnograd and Flores, 1991, p. 107).
Object oriented programming has the ability to simplify computer software (Verity and Schwartz, 1991, pp. 92 95). Such simplification will, in most instan
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Some common words found in the essay are:
, downsizing feasible,
Approximate Word count = 8301
Approximate Pages = 33 (250 words per page)
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