le he was in college. In 1904 he left Dublin with Nora Barnacle, a chambermaid whom he eventually married. They and their two children lived in Trieste, Italy, in Paris, and in Znrich, Switzerland, meagerly supported by Joyce's jobs as a language instructor and by gifts from patrons. In 1907 Joyce suffered an attack of iritis, the first of the severe eye troubles that led to near blindness. After 20 years in Paris, early in World War II, when the Germans invaded France, Joyce moved to Znrich, where he died on January 13, 1941. This sense of uprootedness as a reaction to wishing to escape one's homeland blended with the fierce desire of the exile to return run throughout Joyce's work, and his feelings about his Irishness are a disturbing element of ôThe Deadö (Connor, 1997, pp. 12-14).
As an undergraduate Joyce published essays on literature. His first book, Chamber Music (1907), consists of 36 highly finished love poems, which reflect the influence of the Elizabethan lyricists and the English lyric poets of the 1890s. In his second work, Dubliners (1914), a collection of 15 short stories, Joyce dealt with crucial episodes of childhood and adolescence and of family and public life in Dublin. ôThe Deadö concludes this collection and is certa
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