Problems of Domestic Auto Manufacturers
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Intensified foreign competition, fuel economy require ments, environmental protection considerations, and other fac tors combined in the 1970s and 1980s to place domestic automo bile manufacturers in the United States in a struggle for sur vival with foreign competitors. Declining sales and profits, plant closings, lay offs, the introduction of new systems of management, and the introduction of new technologies have com bined to create dynamic, if not chaotic, organizational environments at Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors. The situation, as it has developed, has often pitted man agement against labor, and has increased stress levels for organizational managers. Increased stress is particularly significant at the organizational level of the first level supervisor, because it is at this point that the greatest potential exists for (1) an aggravation of management labor conflict, and (2) the easing of such conflicts. This study proceeded on assumptions that effective stress management at the first level supervisor level will lead to improved management labor relations, and that, such improved relations will enable automobile manufacturers to become stronger competitors. Within the context of these assumptions, it was hypothesized that (1) the occupational stress experi enced by first level supervisors in the automobile manufactur ing industry is more context related than task related, and (2) the adverse consequences of such stress may
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ng such resis tance to change. Each of the three underlying reasons for resistance to organizational change insecurity, economic, and socio psychological factors will likely be found in all resis tance to change; however, the relative strengths of these three underlying reasons will likely vary according to both the situ ation and to the individuals involved. Strategies designed to overcome resistance to change must consider such factors. 13Additionally, however, such strategies must also consider organizational goals, and the transitional nature of the environment in which an organization is functioning (Kimberly, & Quinn, 1984).
Occupational Stress
Stress has long been recognized as a major contributor to the onset of significant physical and mental health problems in individuals (Maes, Vingerhoets, & Heck, 1987; Hinkle, 1987). Over the past decade, however, stress has also been implicated as an adverse factor in areas of life other than physical and mental health. In the organizational environment, stress has been implicated in the deterioration of individual performance efficiency, which in turn, affects the overall performance of the organization (Gaines, & Jerimer, 1983). Stress has also been linked to hig
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Summary Stress, Parasuraman Alutto, Francis Milburn, Gaines Jerimer, Definition Terms, Rabkin Struening, Kaplan Sadock, CONCLUSIONS RECOMMENDATIONS, Langner Michael, Executive Officer, stress outcomes, first level supervisors, occupational stress, alutto 1984, experienced first level, parasuraman alutto, parasuraman alutto 1984, experienced first level supervisors, occupational stressors, stress experienced first level, stress experienced, automobile manufacturing, american automobile, life event changes, automobile manufacturing industry,
Approximate Word count = 6289
Approximate Pages = 25 (250 words per page)
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