Rise of U.S. Public Sector

Environmental health, as a concept, contains elements of both environmental protection and public health, although the scope of environmental health does not encompass the totality of either environmental protection or public health. A society's food supply is a part of its environment, and it is a part of the societal environment which affects public health. Protection of a society's food supply, thus, is a matter of national welfare. By protecting the food supply, a society attempts to insure that organisms and substances harmful to human life do not reach members of the society through the food chain.

1 2 In the United States, by the time one sits down to breakfast, a "half a dozen agencies of the federal government have dealt with the food" (Cummings, and Wise, 1989, 12). One of these six federal agencies is the FDA. This state of affairs, however, was not always the case in the United St

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ffered for sale in the US. In contemporary society, prospects for the health of individuals are . . . determined by public policy, by those decisions which shape contemporary environments in communities, workplaces, homes, and schools. Public policy sets parameters for the mode and character of industrial and agricultural production, corporate management, and individual behavior (Milio, 1981, 3). Public policies are the guidelines for public action. They prescribe, in general terms, (1) objectives, and (2) the means by which those objectives will be pursued. Programs are sets of organized activities conducted by government organizations in pursuit of objectives established by policies. The FDA is,in effect, a program which is designed to implement public policy. In turn, the FDA, as an independent agency, drafts and implements specific rules of conduct for the conduct of the program, and the implementation of public policy. The FDA is an executive, regulatory, and enforcement body. It executes public policy; it drafts the rules by which the policy will be implemented; and it enforces penalties against violators of the rules (Cummings, and Wise, 1989). The actions of the FDA may, of course, be overturned by Congres
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Approximate Word count = 1807
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page)

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