procedures for accomplishing the group's task
3. Position power, or the degree to which the leader
has formal authority to reward and punish followers
(Fiedler, 1996, Chemers and Fiedler, 1978; Fiedler, 1989).
Fiedler's research suggested that none of the leadership styles are effective in all situations. He argued that jobs should be modified to reflect the capacities of leaders because he felt that training to inculcate leadership abilities was, for the most part, ineffective. Fiedler clearly drew to some degree upon the ideas advanced by Max Weber with respect to the difference between power and authority. Fiedler defined position power in the contingency model as applicable to the power inherent in the leadership position. Authority, on the other hand was recognized by Weber as a subset of power which does not necessarily involve the use of force or coercion; central to Fiedler's theory is a recognition that the ways in which an authority figure exercises power reflects a great deal about h
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