d on a local basis and to the refusal of employers to deal with unions or to respect the rules and customs that they upheld” (Campbell 485).
During the second half of the 19th century the general unions eroded as unions that focused more of local organization and operation arose. These unions adopted a program that included integration of local elements through regular meetings, adoption of uniform rules and regulations, and the structuring of an internal authority hierarchy. During the end of the 19th century labor unions experienced a surge in growth. In part, those who had no voice in the political or economic scheme of things, the workers, began to gain one as their mobility an
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