voided, limited use of the drug during the first three months of pregnancy did not cause birth defects. ‘By saying that cocaine in pregnancy is not detrimental,’ says Pastuszak, ‘they think I am advocating its use’” (Berlfein, 1993, 2).
There appears to be little difference whether or not Pastuszak is advocating drug use during pregnancy, pregnant mothers are still using drugs and alcohol. The National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) recently conducted a survey of pregnant women regarding drug use during pregnancy. The survey was conducted on more than 4 million pregnant women in the United States in 1992, and its results demonstrate that a large portion of pregnant women participate in the use of alcohol or illegal drugs during their pregnancies:
Substance % Pregnant Women # Pregnant Women
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