Research Questions
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Qualitative research is used to deconstruct. Primarily it is based on the framework that there is no, single reality, reality is different for different people and changes over time, and meaning is only understood from a particular situation or in a certain context. Qualitative research is more a reasoning process in which the researchers puts different piece together in order to form a more “whole” perception. Typically there are four major qualitative designs used in such research: phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory and action theory (McBurney 1998).Phenomenology is a philosophical and a research methodology. The meaning of one’s lived experience might be the subject of such a design. In this situation, the methodology would include questioning the actual person and them interpreting the explanations given. Grounded theory relies more on symbolic interactionism and methodology encompasses collecting data, observing, organizing data and forming theory based on data. Interviews, public records, observation and other forms of data collection might be utilized. An ethnography is observational and data oriented but focuses on one specific culture or group. Collecting data on the culture of football fans at a local university would be an example of an ethnographic design. There are four main types of research designs: pre-experimental, true experimental, quasi-experimental and factorial (McBurney 1998). A pre-experimental desi
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l designs. The two most common quasi-experimental designs are the non-equivalent groups design and the regression-discontinuity design. There are also others such as the interrupted time series design.
A factorial design is a category of true experimental design. Factorial designs are experiments that manipulate more than one variable at a time (McBurney 1998). One of the main reasons for the use of this kind of design is because researchers want to understand how two or more independent variables relate to each other. A factorial design is typically constructed in such a manner so that two or more variables are manipulated in such a manner that all possible combinations of selected values of each variable are used (McBurney 1998). One of the most common forms of a factorial design is known as a two-by-two factorial design because there are two levels of experiment for each of the two variables. Such factorial experiments often incorporate two or more factors with two to six levels on the various factors.
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Research is a systematic investigation. It often includes research development, testing and is designed to add to the general stock of knowledge (McBurney 1998). Research often involves experimental developmen
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