US Israel Palestinian Policy

Eisenhower, The Suez Crisis & Arab Nationalism 11

Nixon, the Yom Kippur War & Kissinger Diplomacy 18

Carter & the Camp David Agreement 20

Reagan, the Middle East & the Intifada 22

Bush, the Gulf War & the Oslo Peace Accord 25

Bush, Terrorism & the Middle East, & the Road Map to Peace 31

Future U.S. Policy on Israel & Palestine 37

The 20th century illustrates a significant change in U.S. policy toward the Middle East over the past one hundred years. As the century began, the U.S. enjoyed a relatively benign image throughout the Arab world. In the formative decades of the century, the U.S. had little interest in the Middle East save for the actions of missionaries, philanthropic activities, and affording protection to American citizens there. Even so, the years prior to WWII demonstrate ambivalence and uneven application of policy toward the region. President Wilson’s principle of “self-determination” seemed to have been abandoned with respect to the Middle East. Through mandate or de facto control, England and France had already colonized areas in the Middle East thought significant to their respective interests.

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rise in Arab politics of Palestinian Nationalism and political Islam. Once more, characteristic of the first seven decades of U.S. policy regarding the Middle East, Arab nations would either be left in the lurch security-wise and land-wise or would end up on the short end of the stick where overall global chess-making occurred and was legitimized through policy. This occurred as Arab nations were assured by U.S. policymakers that support of Western and democratic ideology would win them American support in such policymaking. Then as now, without resolution of the Arab-Israeli issue, one side or the other would feel slighted by U.S. decision making, even as it rescued one side or the other or both to some degree as far as survival is concerned. Nixon, the Yom Kippur War & Kissinger Diplomacy Richard Nixon took office during an escalation of tension in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Egypt’s Nasser continued artillery attacks and commando raids against Israeli positions in the Sinai and on the eastern side of the Sinai canal. Israel retaliated in the form of massive air raids against Egyptian artillery positions. After a year of such attacks, Egypt’s air defense system was in ruins. Nixon’s Secretary of State William Rogers w
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Approximate Word count = 9585
Approximate Pages = 38 (250 words per page)

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