by utilizing democratic procedures and refraining from corporal punishments; and d) take responsibility for their own actions and needs without relying on their children for their own fulfillment (Cowen 76).
In Cowen's study, BNP was administered to families in which child abuse had occurred. While families that received group-based program attended 15 2+-hours sessions, those who received the home-based programs were exposed to 45 1+-hour sessions. During these sessions, parents and children were separated into two groups before convening during the last 30 minutes to practice new skills or play games with one another (77). The study indicated that the BNP was effective in helping parents shift from dysfunctional and abusive to appropriate and supportive parenting attitudes (Cowen 80).
Comprehensive programs that combine parenting education with access to other types of support include the Chicago Child-Parent Center (CPC) program, home visitation program and Family Group Conferencing (FGC). Unlike the BNP, the CPC program offers partici
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