different? Submitted to the Mass Communication Division.
Using cognitive consistency theory and statistical analysis of cable TV viewers during the Iraq War, the article shows that the biased, opinion-oriented, and forceful broadcast style of Fox News was far more successful in attracting viewers (mainly Republican) who relied on Fox, abetted by government, to shape their approval of invading Iraq.
The empirical structure of this research article speaks to the idea that consumers of modern news, especially those with a Republican bias, care less about facts than about having their opinions reinforced. Fox is happy to oblige, it seems.
Zhang, N. (2003). Framing of the 2003 Iraq War in mainstream news sites: A comparative study of online news coverage among five permanent member states of the United Natons Security Counciul. S.I. Newhouse school of public communications, Syracuse University.
Citing use of the Internet by individuals around the world, making it media-competitive with cable and broadcast TV, this article compares and contrasts ways in which major-market sites of UNSC's five permanent members (CNN, BBC, People's Daily, Le Monde, and Pravda) characterized the 2003 invasion of Iraq, with US and British sources most favorable and other countries' sources much less favorable.
The presentation cites (Western) literature of the West's ideological double standard of
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