ch a culturally diverse patient base as is seen in most hospitals.
Watson's metaphysical theory of nursing care is also based on caring as central to nursing, and sets out factors which need to be incorporated into models of nursing care: formation of a humanistic/altruistic system of values; instillation of faith/hope in patients; cultivation of sensitivity to self and others; development of a helping-trusting relationship with patients; acceptance of positive and negative feelings; using scientific problem-solving methods for decision making; promoting interpersonal teaching/learning; providing a supportive, protective and/or corrective mental, physical, sociocultural and spiritual environment; assisting with the gratifying of human needs; and allowing for existential/phenomenological factors (Saewyc, 2000). This model has been refined continually and has evolved to mean participating fully in the nursing experience through communication and release of human feelings.
Swanson also sees nursing as a caring process, and defined five
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