ict the 1985 survival of 185 lawyers who had completed the MMPI in 1956 and 1957. The results agreed with previous studies in finding that those with high hostility scores had poorer survival. However, unlike previous studies, the relation between hostility scores and survival was linear. The results of these experiments showed that the hostility scores were significant predictors of early mortality. The combination of three subsets: cynicism, hostile effect and aggressive responding appeared to be a greater threat to survival, again showing the effects of hostility on well-being.
A study was carried out at Brown University in 1986 to determine if hostility was an independent influence or contributing factor in the development of coronary heart disease (Scholten, 2005). The study sample consisted of 774 predominantly white men, average age 60 years, participatin
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