assumption of scientific determinism. We are all, to the Naturalist artist, creatures of our genes, led by Darwinian principles - very little indeed of the human soul is left. This assumption led naturalistic authors to emphasize the physiological nature of humans rather than our moral or rational qualities. London depicts his protagonist and his dog as a helpless products of heredity and environment, motivated by strong instinctual drives from within and pressured - in this case to
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