John Locke and Pierre Bayle

Locke - as he argues in his Second Treatise of Government - turned away from the central problems of the 17th-century political philosopher, which was the question of how a monarch could most effectively ensure internal order and protect national sovereignty. But by the time that Locke was writing the winds of revolution were blowing hot and unquenchable: Even by the end of the 17th century Locke made it clear that he understood that the lessening power monarchies to which he was a witness was an historical and political vector that will not be reversed. The question for the political philosopher in the 18th century was not how the king might keep his power but how the people might find theirs.

The centrality of Locke's political argument that monarchs did not in fact have a divine right to rule but rather that each individual had an inalienable and innate right to freedom and equalit

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Approximate Word count = 1029
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page)