n in addition to those present in the South (Young 68).
The resulting social and racial polarization struck at the very roots of American society and challenged the validity of its professed egalitarianism. Although the struggle to win full equality made some progress, especially from the 1950s, the cause of black Americans remains far from won. Schooling, housing, social services, and, above all, equitable access to employment opportunity remain major areas of concern. Partly because of this systematic exclusion from the mainstream American society, the A
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