Intimacy and Elders
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The study of intimacy in elders must first consider the definition of intimacy. Psychological intimacy refers to a relationship that is open and honest and allows each to relate personal thoughts and feelings. However, for some this definition varies and includes a combination of emotional and physical factors. Men and women view intimacy from a different perspective and vary within genders. Some men define intimacy in terms of sexual relationships and some women define intimacy in terms of emotional exchanges. In other cases, men report the expression of emotions and feelings of support as measures of intimacy (Mackey, Diemer, & O'Brien, 2000). Thus, confusion exists regarding intimacy in general and intimacy in the elderly includes additional factors that must be considered such as affects of age on sexual functioning and increased needs for emotional support from different significant others (Bedford & Avoili, 2001; Kingsberg, 2002). The problem is that a comprehensive understanding of elder intimacy is lacking. Research has reported that elderly in nursing homes are suffering due to restrictions in cohabitation and physical or sexual expression, which may decrease feelings of intimacy and increase loneliness (Miles & Parker, 1999). While confusion exists regarding the definition of intimacy, it is argued that actual behaviors are more important than theory to determine what contri
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r relationships with more mature partners have different levels of intimacy and sexual activity. Androgens and postmenopausal sexuality is a topic of debate since these factors may affect well-being and sexual desire. Lastly, age may affect physical functioning in other areas that interfere with sexual activity in men and women and definitions and perceptions of intimacy may change accordingly.
Regardless of the manner in which intimacy is defined or found, it is theorized that the experience of intimacy influences the subjective quality of life. Within this perspective, a lack of intimacy leads to emotional loneliness. Positive emotions are related to intimacy and a lack of loneliness. Loneliness is a factor in overall well-being. Loneliness can be found at the individual, family, and community level (Bramston, Pretty, & Chipuer, 2002).
Empirical Literature Review
Intimacy Defined
Mackey, Diemer, and O'Brien (2000) conducted a study to determine the meaning of psychological intimacy to those who have been in a relationship for an average of 30 years. For this study 216 partners in 108 relationships were assessed with in-depth interviews. The sample represented multiple religious and socioeconomic backgrounds and
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 5171
Approximate Pages = 21 (250 words per page)
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