effects of prayer on another, (Sir Francis Galton study), used flawed data collection methods which resulted in insignificant findings. One study out of eight reviewed found significant results; patient anxiety levels were less, due to high expectancy for prayer effectiveness.
The authors also conducted a follow-up study with 95 male and female adult patients who suffered from end stage renal disease and expected to receive either daily prayer from another or daily positive visualization by others. It was hypothesized that those who expected prayer would demonstrate more physiologically and psychologically positive effects than those who expected visualization. Findings showed no differences and failed to support the hypothesis or previous findings. The presentation of this study was very limited (two paragraphs) and did not contain typical sections defining procedures, sample, variables, analysis, or limitations. This article provided inf
...