Patty Hearst
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The purpose of this research is to examine the case of Patty Hearst as an illustration of the phenomenon of brainwashing. The plan of the research will be to set forth the social and historical context of the events of Hearst's life in the mid-1970s and then to discuss how her experience demonstrates the power of the wealthy class, American capitalist corporatism and education--indeed the entire American establishment--to exert undue influence on the development and enactment of human psychology.The manifest events of Patricia Hearst's adventure into the unknown are embedded in popular imagination. On the night of February 4, 1974, Patricia Campbell Hearst, heiress to the Hearst publishing empire, was forcibly taken from her Berkeley, Calif., apartment by two men (Donald DeFreeze, Bill Harris) and one woman (Angela Atwood), in the process beating her live-in companion, Stephen Weed. Hearst and Weed were both students at the University of California, Berkeley. The FBI was called into the case immediately. Over the next two months, the abduction became a mass-media event, punctuated by various demands and one "ransom" in the form of food distribution to the poor. No less significant were the series of written and audiotape "communiquTs" containing the voice of Hearst, as well as that of leader of the group that revealed itself to be the agent of the event: the Symbionese Liberaton Army, or SLA. Initially, Hearst was heard on audiotape stating that she wanted to "get out of h
. . .
ays, "has nothing to offer here except the narcissistic satisfaction of being able to think oneself better than others" (Freud, 1961, p. 76).
As applied to Patricia Hearst, the analyses of Freud and Marx support the contention that she absorbed the values of the dominant culture and lived the privileged side of alienation completely, essentially being brainwashed by her wealthy, influential family. Only after being confronted with the realities of inhuman existence did she achieve insight into the reality of human experience at the level of society and culture. Her transformation took about eight weeks, but her growing sympathy with the values of the SLA can be discerned in an audio message as early as two weeks after the abduction: "I am being treated in accordance with international codes of war. And . . . it's very important to the SLA that I return safely" (Stone, 2005). By April 3, 1974, Hearst's transformation had become complete, as demonstrated by a now-famous audiotape:
Mom, Dad. Tell the poor and oppressed people of this nation what the corporate state is about to do. Warn Black and poor people that . . . the removal of expendable excess, the removal of unneeded people, has already started. I have been given the choice
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Approximate Word count = 3197
Approximate Pages = 13 (250 words per page)
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