Bipolar Siku of Peru

The siku (also sicu), is a variety of Peruvian panpipe used by indigenous peoples of the southern Colla (also Aymara) group in the region of oruru.1 This region is part of the Collao Altiplano, also called Altiplano, which is an Andean plateau that extends over part of Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. It takes in Lake Titicaca, the northern and western shores of which are situated in Peru.

Panpipe is the name given to a primitive wind instrument, typically a reed or cane instrument, that comprises "a series of hollow pipes of graduated length, the tones being produced by blowing across the upper ends."2 The cane medium is most typical in the modern period, although pre-Columbian archeology shows that pipes and flutes of varying styles were constructed of clay, shell, and bone.3 Panpipe styles that are in modern use have their p

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resonance produced by Andean musical forms and instruments such as the panpipe. Gott goes even further16 in showing the history of depopulation, dislocation, and inevitable diffusion of indigenous cultures into the European-dominant Peruvian mainstream as symptomatic of social conflicts that are played out in such insurrectionist movements as the Shining Path guerrillas. The relevance of Gott's work for the present study is that, historically, an important part of the Europeanization of indigenous cultures was the teaching of European arts, including music, by Jesuit missionaries. Whether that fact on its-face was an instance of colonialist oppression is not a simple issue. For as Stevenson comments, In Peru, as in Mexico, the Indians took immediately to the music of their conquerors. European polyphony indeed so quickly seized the fancy of the Quechuaspeaking Indians that when Garcilaso left Peru in 1560 "there was already in Cuzco a band of Indian flautists in the employ of Juan Rodriguez de Villa Lobos, a resident of that city, so extremely proficient that they could play perfectly any piece of polyphony put before them." By 1602, Garcilaso added, excellent players were to be found not only in the ancient Inca capital,
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 3568
Approximate Pages = 14 (250 words per page)

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