he formation of these relationships. However, in addition to this understanding arising from their own development as people, Craig states that counselors must also subscribe to and communicate a clear code of professional ethics. Also, they must have become aware of personal limitations, and have built for themselves networks of accountability.
According to Craig, dual relationships constitutes that area to which any counselor is most vulnerable as a person, but that the implications of this problem for pastoral counselors are especially important. He notes that a minister who communicates warmth and concern will attract persons who desire a level of intimacy that is appropriately met by a spouse, parent, or friend rather than by the pastor and that the ethics-conscious minister has sufficiently learned from his life experience to be willing to risk disappointing and alienating such persons without fear that doing so will act as an obstacle to either congregational harmony or free-will offerings.
Jorgensen (1984) has stated that the primary therapeutic
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