lopment of different complementary models that offer an insight into other aspects of pathology, including narcissism and identity. A more complex clinical approach and a modified therapeutic view point have been associated with increased theoretical knowledge.
Admitting the importance of reality in psychical processes has lead to the taking into account of interpersonal relationships during both infancy and treatment. Parallel to this, there has been an epistemological change, because it became clear that the observer influences the observation, and neutrality is a myth. The silence of the analyst is now seen as a form of intervention, and the analyst is no longer seen as a neutral observer, because his personality is just as important as his capacity to empathize with the patient. Once unconscious reality reaches the surface, it can no longer be considered data, but must be sen as a simple version of facts or a point of view.
Psychoanalytical psychodrama now allows an individual to act out and externalize conflicts. Psychoanalytical relaxation takes the body into consideration, and is appropriate for use with a subject who has difficulty expressing emotions. Some new therapies rely on an abreaction, as with the primal scream, which induces regr
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