c Syndrome
Given the diversity of conceptual approaches to the so-called dyslexic syndrome, it is not surprising that its symptomatology is just as controversial. A consistent finding {Snowlong 1987} in studies of dyslexic readers is the deficits in the verbal memory and phoneme segmentation processes. Dyslexics are wont to score worse than their own average on the memory sections of standardized I.Q. batteries such as the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and the British Ability Scale (p.16).
A psychologist {Rumsey 1992} shattered what she considered to be common misconceptions of the symptoms and signs of the dyslexic syndrome:
(1) Visual spatial deficits underlie dyslexia. In fact, while a minority of dyslexic children show visual-perceptual deficits, the great majority show language deficits. (2) Backward or minor writing and letter reversals are characteristic. In fact, these features are seen in normal development in beginning readers and characterize low reading levels, rather than a disorder. Furtherm
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