this legislation and has become an important player in government efforts to mediate labor disputes and to administrate changes in labor laws, aspects of wage and price controls, and related matters.
Zollitsch and Langsner (1970) discuss the development of wage controls and with the issue of compensation as it developed during the first 150 years of U.S. history. It was during this period, from 1776 to 1942, when the United States converted from an agricultural to an industrial nation: "It is marked by the Industrial Revolution, the growth and strength of labor unions, and the beginning of the field of management" (30). The Industrial Revolution took place during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, a period of transition from the cottage-trade system to the industrial era. Along with this transition came new conceptions of ownership, productivity, and economy, all upsetting the early master-journeyman relationship. The invention of machinery, notably in the textile industry, contributed to the growth and development of the factory system. The production system, was developed by the ingenuity of many brilliant American revolutionized production methods, and this in turn altered the methods of compensation.
Management of any enterprise has always been affected by the demands of labor for higher wages or for a share of the employer's profits. However, the impact felt in America during the last three decades is far greater than ever before in history. Relations between labor and management were quite different in the last century. There was a kindred spirit between artisans and all types of skilled, semiskilled, and unskilled labor, developed into a bond of common interest that would in time lead to the development of the American labor movement and to massive changes on the American labor scene. The stabilization of labor unions would also result in the expansion of collective bargaining and wage and salary demands....