Overview of the United Arab Emirates

The states that compose the U.A.E. occupy a rather vaguely defined area formerly known as the Pirate Coast, as well as 50 miles of coast on the Gulf of Oman and are bounded on the north by Qatar and the Persian Gulf, on the east by the Gulf of Oman, and on the south and west by Saudi Arabia. The total area of the country is about 30,000 square miles ().

The population grew rapidly in the 1970s and 1980s, largely because of alien workers, and was estimated (1999) at 2,344,400. Of these, 19 percent are Emiri, 23 percent are other Arabs and Iranians, 50 percent are South Asians (primarily Pakistanis), and 8 percent are Westerners and East Asians (U.S. Department of State website).

The states are Abu Dhabi (Abu Zaby), Ajman, Dubayy, al-Fujayrah, Ras al-Khaymah, ash-Shariqah, and Umm al-Qaywayn. The town of Abu Dhabi is the union capital with the port of Dubayy serving as the commercial center of the union and northern Oman and has a large transshipment trade. The capitals of the states are on the Persian Gulf coast, except the capital of al-Fujayrah, which is on the coast of the Gulf of Oman ().

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led, 28-nation allied forces that defeated Iraq in the Persian Gulf War in 1991. The first 25 years of the emiratesÆ existence in their current political form has seen remarkable success in terms of economic development. For example, in the mid-1980s, the area around city of Abu Dhabi was a virtual desert. By the late 1990s it was filled with swaying palm trees and blooming flowers, and the city itself had boomed. This development can be seen across the U.A.E. as the desert has been transformed into waving fields of corn and orchards laden with fruit, and towns that once had streets of sand are now recast into garden cities (Salloun, 1998). By the late 1990s, farms and forests covered four and a half percent of the land, and over 200 of the U.A.E. islands have been partially greenified. There are 6313 greenhouses and 21,700 farms spread throughout the country and around the Liwa Oasis over 100,000 acres of desert have been converted into cultivated land. Using a variety of ultra-modern and traditional irrigation techniques, including that of the ancient aflaj system, orchards, cereal and vegetable fields, flowers and forests have now flourish in every corner of the country (Salloun, 1998). With the proliferation of small farms, t
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