rd priority to data recovery planning. With this type of situation in mind, Saudi Arabia was selected as the setting for this study.
The problems in the administrative management of Saudi bureaucracy generally, as well as in individual organizations, result largely from conflicts stemming from the mingling of the traditional and the contemporary in the country. Managerial attitudes and policies derive from Saudi Arabia's tradition of centralized authority, as exemplified by the political and spiritual unity in the societal structure, and from the jealously guarded prerogatives of the country's social elite in the development and administration of the country and its organizations. These attitudes and policies derived from traditional values often clash with the realities of contemporary Saudi society.
Within the context of social stratification, the process of social modernization creates social groupings which did not previously exist within the affected society, as well as changing the relationships between those social groupings already in existence within the society. In Saudi Arabia, the five year development programs created new social groupings within the society. Among the more significant of these new social groupings are the following: 1. An educated group which is not a part of the traditional elite of the country.
2. A vastly enlarged educated group within the female segment of the population (most of these women are a part of the first group; however, their status as educated women within Saudi society is significant).
3. A middle income group within the society (prior to this development, Saudi society was composed primarily of the very poor and the poor, and the wealthy and the very wealthy).
4. A vastly enlarged group within the population with exposure to foreign social mores and political values. Prior to this development, only a few students from wealthy and very wealthy familie...