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EFFECTS OF A VEGETARIAN DIET

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Vegetarian is a term that was not coined until the mid-1800s, however the concept dates back to at least the sixth century BC. The 19th century gave birth to a vegetarian movement which was largely Church related; the Seventh-day Adventist Church encouraged a vegetarian diet. Results of a 1943 Gallup poll demonstrated that between 2.5 and 3.0 million Americans were vegetarians (2 percent of the total population). The vegetarian population is skewed toward the over-40 age group. Reasons for choosing a vegetarian diet include, improved health. Persons consuming vegetarian and semivegetarian diets are found to have lower rates of chronic diseases such as cancers, heart disease, and diabetes. For this reason, effects of the vegetarian diet on cholesterol, fat consumption and health concerns, and nutrient intake, are considered (Messina and Messina 1-17).

Cholesterol/Food Fat Functions & Health Problems

Atherosclerosis is stated as the biggest killer in the Western world. Elevated serum or plasma total cholesterol is viewed as an independent atherosclerotic risk factor: elevated serum total or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, a low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, or both. The average adult in the United States is found to consume approximately 500 mg of cholesterol daily, and 100 gm of fat daily (none should consume more than 75 gm of fat daily) (Roberts 580-87).

Reports estimate that about 20 percent

. . .
s, in Norway; this may be due to lower sunlight exposure. Inadequate vitamin D in children, leads to rickets, with bowed legs, knock-knees, curvatures of the upper and/or lower arms, swollen joints, and/or enlarged heads. Deficiency for adults leads to lack of mineralization of the bone matrix osteoid, resulting in excessive bone loss and osteomalacia, with muscular weakness and bone tenderness. Vitamin D is potentially toxic, particularly in young children; symptoms include deposition of calcium in soft tissues, irreversible renal and cardiovascular damage, bone resorption, and increased aluminum absorption linked to Alzheimer's disease (Messina and Messina 176-180). Vitamin E occurs in two main forms, tocopherol and tocotrienols. Vitamin E is found in cellular membranes associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The best understood function of vitamin E is its antioxidant qualities; it traps free radicals and prevents oxidation of PUFAs. Free radicals are associated with heart disease, cancer, cataracts, and arthritis, as well as the aging process. Vitamin E deficiency, primarily neurologic, tends to occur in premature infants or in those individuals who do not absorb fat normally. One symptom of vitamin E defi
. . .

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Approximate Word count = 2368
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)

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