situation creates significant stress for the police officers involved. A part of this stress is associated with public perceptions of police actions, and a part of this stress derives from the inner feelings of police officers toward their participation in such events (Shernock, 1990, pp. 24 42).
WORKFORCE 2000 is a report that projected the character of the American economic and social environment in the early years of the next century, and assessed the probable skills requirements and supply that will characterize that environment (Johnson and Packer, 1987, pp. xiii xiv). As a consequence, employing organizations are busily refining their positions on the issues involved, and developing strategies to deal with these issues (Packer, 1993, pp. 227 247). The essential findings of the WORKFORCE 2000 report were that the demand for skilled workers will grow while the supply of such workers declines, and that new workforce entrants will be drawn primarily from women, racial and ethnic minority population groups, and immigrants (Elliott, 1993, pp. 3 4).
The projection by the WORKFORCE 2000 report that an increasing proportion of women workers will characterized the American workforce leads to demands that both management and labor become more flexible in the scheduling of work time (Kucker, 1992, pp. 37 40). Over the past two decades flexible work scheduling increasingly has been introduced into organizational environments. Flexible work scheduling includes such concepts as flextime, the four day week, and job sharing, among others. Organizations developed and implemented such initiatives as one means of developing structures and systems that would permit them to integrate often conflicting demands.
Child care and elder care problems experienced by employees can often be addressed effectively through alternative work week schedules to the standard 40 hour, five day work week. Such schedules for both a husband and a wife pro...