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Welfare reform

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Welfare reform has been given a high priority by the Republican Congress. Welfare is administered differently in the different states, but reform is being directed at giving even more control to the individual states. The Republican program would first of all send many programs back to the states and allow local control. The legislation would end the 60-year federal guarantee of providing welfare checks to eligible low-income mothers. Representative E. Clay Shaw Jr. from Florida, chairman of the House Ways and Means Human Resources Subcommittee, sees this change as "the first step in getting rid of poverty and the programs that have so corrupted this country" (Katz, 1995, 3544). Welfare policy evolved slowly over the last fifty years or so. It is manifested in different ways in different parts of the country already, though it is determined and controlled based on federal policy and court decisions.

Murray (1984) considers the question of welfare in the larger context of American social policy over a thirty year period. He has more in mind than welfare policy, though welfare is at the heart of what American social policy during this era wanted to achieve and also at the heart of how the system has failed to achieve those goals. Murray settles on the term "social policy" to describe what he is talking about and defines this as a loosely defined conglomeration of government programs, laws, regulations, and court decisions touching on almost every dimension of life:

. . .
pproach to solving the problems of the poor. He begins with his statement that social policy may be construed as transfers from the haves to the have-nots and considers what justifies making these transfers at all. He finds that the principle is legitimate even when the methods are not. There are a variety of kinds of transfers, though we may only think of economic transfers when discussing the subject. One of the anomalies of the present system as noted by Murray is that since the mid-1960s social policy has demanded an extraordinary range of transfers from the most capable poor to the least capable poor, from the most law-abiding to the least law-abiding, and from the most responsible to the least responsible. Murray finds that such transfers from one set of the poor to another set of the poor are uncomfortably like robbery: When we require money transfers form the obviously rich to the obviously poor, we at least have some room for error. Mistaken policies may offend our sense of right and wrong, but no great harm has been done to the donor. The same is not true of the noneconomic transfers from poor to poor (Murray, 1984, 204). The disparity in income between those on welfare and those not on welfare differs from stat
. . .

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Approximate Word count = 2181
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)

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