Wisconsin v. Yoder & Religious Dissent
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Although Wisconsin v. Yoder was the first decision by the Supreme Court to uphold the rights of religious dissenters (the Amish) to forgo compulsory education requirements, the case did not set a clear precedent of judicial tolerance for the practices of other religious minority groups. On the contrary, lower courts and the Supreme Court itself have subsequently ruled against religious minorities (most notably, Native Americans) when the practice of their religions conflicted with government interests. Some anthropologists claim that the Amish were given preferential treatment in Wisconsin v. Yoder because the nature of their religion conformed to the prevailing WASP norms and mores. The controversy that led to Wisconsin v. Yoder began in 1968 when school officials in New Glarus, Wisconsin filed suit against Jonas Yoder, Wallace Miller, and Adin Yutzy. Yoder and Miller were members of the Old Order Amish religion. Yutzy belonged to the Conservative Amish Mennonite Church. All three men were parents of children under 16 years of age. Wisconsin law requires compulsory education for children until they reach the age of 16. In accordance with Amish custom, Yoder, Miller, and Yutzy removed their children from school after the children graduated from the eighth grade. The school district estimated that it was losing approximately $15,000 a year in state funding due to the absence of Amish children from school. Amish began settling in the New Glarus area during the mid
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n the Confession, the most important relate to the following principles: adult baptism, separation from the world, pacifism, and prohibition of oaths. The Old Order Amish community is divided into church districts that contain from 15-30 families living fairly close together. Church services, held every other Sunday, take place in one of the members' homes. Each church district is fairly autonomous since the Amish have no state or national religious organization.
The Old Order Amish are distinguished by their mode of dress. The women wear long black dresses, aprons, and capes. Unmarried girls wear similar outfits, except their capes and aprons are white. Amish men wear black trousers, jackets, vests, and wide-brimmed hats. Both men and young boys wear white shirts.
A hallmark of Amish society is their affinity for farming and the rural way of life. The Amish feel a religious connection to the soil: "They believe that as farmers they live closer to God and their rural way of life allows them to better serve Him." Their respect for the land is similar in intensity to Native American beliefs. If an Amish farmer works the land in such a way as to rob it of its fertility, the Amish community accuses the farmer and h
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Approximate Word count = 3964
Approximate Pages = 16 (250 words per page)
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