tended to have poor developmental performance scores, and rated lower in social adjustment than children of mothers who did not smoke (Brenneisen-Goode, 1998, p.7). Smoking during pregnancy can also have the more serious effects of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. Children of women who smoke a pack a day or more during pregnancy have about a 50 percent risk of infant death and a greater risk of death during the preschool years. Such infants also have a greater risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, as well as more respiratory infections while young and asthma and bronchial inflammation in adulthood (Brenneisen-Goode, 1998, p.7). During the pregnancy, there are also increased likelihood of increased intrauterine bleeding, abnormal implantation of the fetus, and premature delivery of the baby.
Research also shows a connection between mate
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