Smoking Cessation Programs
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The American Stop Smoking Intervention Study (ASSIST), the most comprehensive tobacco control intervention trial to be conducted in the United States, was a $165 million project of the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society (White & Bero, 2004). This and other projects have been launched do to the fact that cigarette smoking is the single most preventable cause of death and disability in the United States (Himelhoch & Daumit, 2003). Interventions are numerous and include policies, media, and program services that are delivered through worksites, schools, health care settings, and community groups (White & Bero, 2004). Smoking is related to diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and coronary heart disease (CHD). Smoking cessation is the only intervention that is effective in slowing the progression of COPD and smoking cessation has been shown to be related to reductions in risk of all causes of mortality in CHD patients (Critchley & Capewell, 2003; Sherman, Lanto, Nield, & Yano, 2003). Thus smoking cessation interventions are important for all individuals but their efficacy is of particular concern for primary care patients. The problem is that while multiple interventions are in place to help educate and assist individuals with smoking cessation, the primary care patient suffering from COPD, CHD and other life-threatening illnesses, continues to smoke. Sherman, et al. (2003) presented findings
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essation intervention effective?
The hypotheses are as follows:
Hypothesis 1: There will be a significant difference between pre- and post-scores related to smoking cessation for program participants.
Hypothesis 2: There will be a significant difference between pre- and post-scores related to partial smoking cessation for program participants.
Hypothesis 3: There will be a significant difference between pre- and post-scores related to intent for smoking cessation for program participants.
7. Study Design
Program evaluation research will be used to determine the effects of a smoking cessation intervention in a COPD population. Though non-experimental, this type of design yields empirical results. Empirical research includes the collection of data and the analysis of the data to answer a research question or hypothesis. For this study research questions and hypotheses are stated, the literature relevant to the topic is reviewed, expected outcomes are predicted, data is gathered and statistically analyzed, and conclusions are drawn based on results. A pre-post design comparing smoking habits prior to and following intervention participation will be used to assess program effectiveness.
For this study a qu
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 2156
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)
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