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Access to Residential Mortgages

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Home ownership is a cornerstone of what is referred to as "the American Dream." Home ownership, however, has become an increasingly difficult objective to attain for low- and moderate-income families, individuals, and households in the contemporary United States. In response to this problem, federal agencies, such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac), have developed and implemented programs designed to improve access to residential mortgages for low- and moderate-income families, individuals, and households.

A research study is proposed to investigate the effectiveness of these programs. Throughout the remainder of this study, the term "households" is used to encompass families, individuals, and other household structures that qualify for residential mortgages. In this introductory chapter, the problem statement, research questions, study purpose, significance of the study, definition of terms, delimitations of the study, and an overview of the remainder of the study are presented.

A study conducted in 1996 found that low- to moderate-income earners continued to experience substantial difficulties in gaining access to the benefits of the secondary mortgage market. New policies and programs aimed at improving access to residential mortgages for low- and moderate-income households were introduced by the 1990s; however, the success of those pro

. . .
980s, before they began to recover. Residential housing starts in the United States, however, have never fully regained the levels attained in the late-1970s. A major reason for this failure is the stiffening of qualifying criteria, which, in great part, has resulted from dramatic increases in construction and land costs, together with relatively high nominal mortgage interest rates. Benefits for veterans of the American armed forces date to the G. I. Bill of Rights, which was enacted in 1944. Among the benefits included in the enabling legislation was authority for the new Veterans Administration (VA) to guarantee residential mortgage loans for veterans in a manner similar to the operations of the FHA, and to directly extend mortgages to veterans in those instances where residential loans were unavailable to veterans from private sector lenders. For the residential real estate buyer, the advantages of a VA guaranteed mortgage are similar to those of an FHA guaranteed mortgage. They include favorable interest rates, lower down payment requirements than are typical for conventional mortgage loans, longer repayment periods than are typical for conventional mortgage loans, and less demanding qualification criteria than are typi
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Systems Theory, Data Analysis, Lending Mortgage, Research Hypotheses, African American, Loan Banks, Freddie Mac, Enhancement Act, Principles GAAP, Authority FHA, mortgage loan, low- moderate-income, annual incomes, residential mortgage, approval rates, mortgage approval, risk-based pricing, annual incomes $35000, households annual, incomes $35000, moderate-income households, households annual incomes, low- moderate-income households, mortgage loan limits, mortgage approval rate,
Approximate Word count = 9186
Approximate Pages = 37 (250 words per page)

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