a history of IPV; and (3) Both female drinking and partner drinker predicted severity of IPV. Based on these findings, it was concluded that IPV is higher among trauma patients, and that this frequency differential is related to both female and male alcohol abuse. It was recommended that all female trauma patients should be screened for alcohol abuse and IPV and called for future studies to investigate whether intervention for alcohol misuse has an impact on rates of IPV in the population.
Similarly, Ortega and associates (2004) conducted a study of several sciodemographic variables for relationship to IPV in a sample of 425 women receiving care at six primary care centers. As with alcohol, drug abuse of various sorts (tranquilizers, antidepressants, pain killers, and recreational drugs) were associated with women having experiencing IPV.
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