be able to qualify for college-level work, yet many female students aspire to enter postsecondary studies, and this role conflict exacerbates their experiences of test anxiety Sud (1991, pp. 131-136) examined test anxiety among students in India and the United States. This study found no differences in levels of test anxiety experienced by female and male students; however, the study did find that, in the United States, levels of test anxiety were higher among high school students of both genders than among college students.
el-Zahhar and Hocevar (1991) examined test anxiety among students in Brazil, Egypt, and the United States. The study found that test anxiety in all three cultures was higher among female students than among male students. el-Zahhar and Hocevar (1991) reported, however, that the gender differences in relation to test anxiety were more pronounced in both Brazil and Egypt than in the United States. Cultural differences related
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