administration focused on forming alliances with drug-producing nations (largely through financial aid) in order to halt production at the source. This also has been perceived as largely ineffective, and today, new solutions are being sought (Waller 10).
During the 1990s, Brazil sought to reduce its drug trafficking and police corruption levels in an effort to reduce overall crime and violence in the nation as a whole, and in Rio de Janeiro in particular. The murder rate in Rio de Janeiro is among the highest in the world, with more than 7000 murders occurring in the city in 1995. Most of the violence can be traced directly to drug traffickers, and many of those responsible are not brought to justice due to police corruption, which is also funded by drug money. The 1990s saw efforts by Brazil to both root out corruption and reduce the level of drug trafficking. Efforts focused both on providing jobs for low level drug traffickers in legitimate business, and on using the military to patrol the borders loo
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